Militärische Lehren aus dem Ukraine-Krieg

[Quintus Fabius]

Eine tschechische Perspektive:

Lessons learned from the deployment of air defence in Ukraine

One of the main lessons from the Ukrainian battlefield is the need to build effective and layered air defence (AD) against aerial threats such as small drones or stand-off munitions, among others.

In the face of continuing waves of missile and stand-off munitions attacks, the ability to provide - produce or otherwise procure - sufficient munitions is a fundamental starting point for the construction of an AD.

Munitionsmangel und die Alternativen:

A possible solution to the shortage of munitions and to complement 'conventional' air defence assets could be the introduction of new technologies such as lasers or microwave assets. Such devices are already being tested by our allies and will be experimentally deployed in the near future. Both lasers and microwaves can be a cheap, but at the same time quite effective means against small types of stand-off munitions or commercially available drones used for reconnaissance and combat purposes by both the Ukrainian and Russian militaries. The advantage of both microwave assets and lasers is the fact that they can be relatively easily mounted on both tracked and wheeled chassis, greatly increasing their mobility.

Mobilität:

Mobility is another important aspect of short-range air defence development. At present, however, the mobility of Czech air defence forces is severely limited. In Ukraine, it can be seen that the highly mobile tracked barrelled air defence vehicles used against Russian wait-and-see munitions have been a great success in recent months. It is mobile air defence assets (missile, barrel and those equipped with modern technologies) that can in the future provide support and protection to both manoeuvring troops and, for example, artillery behind the front line.

Fliegerfäuste:

A major issue, particularly in the early weeks and months of the war in Ukraine, was MANPAD missiles.

Integration von bodengestützter und luftgestützter Luftraumverteidigung in nur einem einzigen gemeinsamen Verband:

In terms of the already mentioned interconnection, the question of the use of supersonic machines is then raised........the need for unification so that supersonic aircraft and ground-based air defence assets can communicate seamlessly with each other must be appealed for.

Man steht allein:

Unfortunately, we cannot rely on allies in this matter and it is necessary for each state to have its own functional state and military air defence system ready to deploy and protect combatant units.