Irak

[ThomasWach]

Mal etwas weg von den Schlagzeilen der Tagespresse, die auch weniger geworden sind, dafür nun hin zu eher strukturellen Problemen, die Iraks Zukunft aber auch mitentscheiden werden.
Und solch ein ausstehendes strukturelles Problem ist die Flüchtlingsfrage. Im Laufe des Irakkrieges und der darauffolgenden bürgerkriegsähnlichen Zustände haben Millionen Iraker ihre Heimat und ihr Haus verlassen.

Es stellt sich daher die Frage, was passieren wird, wenn sie im Rahmen der nun friedlicher werdenden Verhältnisse im Irak wieder zu ihrem Haus und Hof zurückkehren.

Der irakische Richter des Saddam-Prozesses und ein amerikanischer Researcher geben Auskunft:

Resettling Iraq's Four Million Displaced
Michael E. O'Hanlon, Senior Fellow, Foreign Policy
Raid Juhi Hamadi al Saedi, Visiting Fellow, Cornell University; Former Chief Investigative Judge of the Iraqi High Tribunal

The Brookings Institution

Iraq has come a very long way in recent times. Provincial elections have been impressive; the civil war has effectively ended; violence rates are down by more than 80 percent; and the political system is beginning to function. But its progress is fragile and several major unresolved issues could threaten the country's future stability. In fact, the very progress in security and politics that we are now witnessing brings with it another round of potential problems. Nothing is more fundamental than the effort to help more than 4 million individuals displaced by violence to return home safely without igniting another round of sectarian killing and cleansing as they do so.

As the security environment in Iraq continues to improve, many more people will want to come home. Already, the monthly return rate is estimated at about 30,000 persons. This is huge progress. Two years ago, the flow was 100,000 a month in the other direction.
But where are these people going? It is safe to assume that some of these initial returnees are reoccupying homes that were never taken over by others, or that have been recently vacated again. The real challenge will occur when previous property owners want their homes back and find squatters inside who have nowhere else to go. And for all the impressive features of recent elections, they did little if anything to move this issue toward resolution; in some ways, in fact, they made the potential for conflict even more vivid.
(...)

Quelle:
http://www.brookings.edu/opinions/2009/0...anlon.aspx