Zitat: Datum 10.02.2013 - 08:38 Uhr
Mosambik
Rohstoff-Bonanza im Rovuma-Becken

In Mosambik wurden riesige Vorkommen an Gas und Gold entdeckt. Doch der Großteil der Bevölkerung dürfte kaum davon profitieren.
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Zitat:Mosambik droht nach mehr als zwanzig Jahren relativer Ruhe einen Rückfall in den Bürgerkrieg. Die ehemalige Rebellenbewegung Renamo kündigte am Montag das Friedensabkommen von 1992 auf, wie ihr Sprecher Fernando Mazanga sagte.

Verantwortlich dafür sei die Regierung, deren Truppen das Renamo-Hauptquartier nahe der zentral gelegenen Stadt Gorongosa angegriffen hätten. Die Einnahme der Basis, auf der sich der Sitz von Renamo-Präsident Afonso Dhlakama befinde, "markiert das Ende der Mehrparteiendemokratie", sagte Mazanga.

Die "unverantwortliche Haltung" von Staatspräsident Armando Guebuza bedeute "das Ende des Friedensabkommens".

Das Verteidigungsministerium in Maputo bestätigte, dass die Basis Sathundjira eingenommen worden sei. Einige Tage zuvor hätten Renamo-Mitglieder aber eine Militäreinheit attackiert, sagte ein Ministeriumssprecher.

Die Gewalt in dem verarmten afrikanischen Land flammt seit April immer wieder auf.

Zitat:[...] In den Präsidentschaftswahlen im Dezember 2009 triumphierte der FRELIMO-Kandidat Armando Guebuza mit 75 % über seinen Herausforderer Afonso Dhlakama, den langjährigen Führer der RENAMO, der nur noch 16 % der abgegebenen Stimmen erhielt. Die Ergebnisse der Wahl wurden trotz einiger Unregelmäßigkeiten und obwohl FRELIMO ihre Vorteile als Regierungspartei ausnutzte, von internationalen Beobachtern in der Tendenz nicht in Zweifel gezogen. Auch bei den Parlamentswahlen 2009 erlitt RENAMO eine vernichtende Niederlage und errang nur noch 16 bzw. 17 % der Stimmen. Dieses Ergebnis ist teilweise mit dem Antreten der neuen Oppositionspartei Movimento Democrático de Moçambique (MDM), die sich als Abspaltung von RENAMO aus Protest gegen den autoritären Führungsstil von Afonso Dhlakama Anfang 2009 gegründet hatte, zu erklären. Zwar gab es Hinweise auf Wahlbetrug durch die Regierungspartei auch bei dieser Wahl, Beobachter hielten diese Unregelmäßigkeiten jedoch nicht für wahlentscheidend. [...]

Zitat:Mozambique's Renamo 'ends 1992 peace deal' after raid

Mozambique's opposition Renamo movement has ended a 1992 peace accord after government forces attacked the base of its leader, Afonso Dhlakama. The government forces captured the Sathunjira base in central Mozambique, forcing Mr Dhlakama to flee.

About a million people were killed in the civil war that raged in Mozambique after it achieved independence from Portugal in 1975. [...] "Peace is over in the country... The responsibility lies with the Frelimo government because they didn't want to listen to Renamo's grievances," Mr Mazanga told Reuters news agency. The attack was an attempt to assassinate Mr Dhlakama but he managed to escape to an undisclosed location, Mr Mazanga said. [...]

In April, at least five people were killed in central Mozambique after Renamo members attacked a police post. A force of about 300 Renamo men has remained armed since the peace accord, despite efforts to integrate them into the army or police force.

Zitat:Kehrt Mozambique zum Krieg zurück?

[...] Ein Renamo-Sprecher sagte, es gebe keinen Frieden mehr in Mozambique und die Verantwortung dafür trage die regierende Frelimo-Partei. “Sie haben das Haus unseres Präsident Alfonso Dhlakama besetzt”, so der Sprecher. “Renamos Präsident hat seinen Truppen bisher keine weiteren Weisungen gegeben. Er hat lediglich die Evakuierung der Bevölkerung in der Region angeordnet.” Die Renamo-Rebellen und die Frelimo-Regierung stellten die Kriegshandlungen 1992 offiziell ein. Während des Bürgerkriegs, der nach der Unabhängigkeit von Portugal 1975 begann, waren eine Million Menschen ums Leben gekommen.

In den zwei Jahrzehnten Frieden hat Mozambique große Ölvorkommen entdeckt und einen Wirtschaftsboom erlebt.

Zitat:Mosambik

Bewaffnete greifen Konvoi mit Zivilisten in Mosambik an

Bewaffnete haben im Zentrum von Mosambik einen Konvoi mit Zivilisten angegriffen und dabei [...] mindestens einen Menschen getötet. Mindestens zehn weitere seien verletzt worden, als die Angreifer am Samstag das Feuer auf den Konvoi eröffneten, sagte eine Überlebende [...] der Nachrichtenagentur AFP. Demnach wurde der Fahrer eines Busses von einem Schuss in den Kopf getroffen. Ein Krankenhausmitarbeiter bestätigte ein Todesopfer und sprach von mindestens neun Verletzten.

Zitat:Africa

Fresh Fighting Erupts Between Mozambique Forces, Renamo

Fresh fighting has erupted in Mozambique between government troops and members of Renamo, a former rebel group that recently withdrew from a peace deal. The fighting broke out Tuesday in Karamaja Napome, a town about 30 kilometers from the northern city of Nampula.

One resident told VOA he heard the sounds of mortar and bazooka fire. Many of the town's residents have fled to Nampula. Nampula police spokesman Michael Bartholomeu would not confirm the fighting, but told VOA that security forces had been pursuing Renamo members in the area. [...]

Zitat:Mozambique confirms fresh clashes with former rebels

Mozambique's government Friday confirmed skirmishes with revived rebel group Renamo this week, reiterating an invitation for their leaders to meet amid renewed conflict in the centre of the country. Presidential spokesman Edson Macuacua said soldiers had fought with Renamo militants around the Gorongosa mountains in the centre of the country, where rebel leader Afonso Dhlakama is thought to be hiding. [...]

Local media reported up to eight deaths in the clashes this week, as well as deaths in attacks on civilian vehicles on the main highway in the area. [...] Renamo accused the government of breaking a 1992 peace deal after the army attacked its base on October 21. Since then clashes with government forces and attacks on the main north-south highway have increased.

Zitat:Africa

Clashes break out in Mozambique before polls

Concerns about security in run up to local elections as opposition, Renamo party, is boycotting vote. A wave of attacks is threatening to overshadow the local polls in Mozambique, which will take place on Wednesday. There are concerns about security in the run up to elections as the opposition, Renamo party, is boycotting the vote, and is threatening to disrupt the entire electoral process.

Its a reminder of the 16 year civil war which finally ended in 1992 when the current ruling Frelimo party and the Renamo signed a peace agreement.

Zitat:Mozambique: Frelimo Urges Renamo to Return to Dialogue

Maputo — Margarida Talapa, head of the parliamentary group of Mozambique's ruling Frelimo Party, on Friday challenged the main opposition party, the former rebel movement Renamo, “to return to the dialogue with the government”. [...]

Although it was Renamo which requested the dialogue, it has been boycotting meetings since October, and says it will not return to the dialogue until “international mediators” are sitting at the table. [...] Talapa also demanded an end to the attacks by Renamo gunmen against civilian and military targets, and for the Renamo gangs “to be immediately and unconditionally disarmed and reintegrated into society”. [...] Renamo, however, has insisted on signing a “political agreement” on the electoral laws with the government, which would then be presented as a fait accompli to the Assembly.

Zitat:Mozambique: Renamo Mounts Ambushes

Renamo gunmen launched ambushes on New Year's Eve and New Year's Day on vehicles travelling along Mozambique's main north-south highway, in Sofala province. [...] The most dangerous part of the road is the 100 kilometre stretch between the Save River and Muxungue.

Five people were injured, and were treated at the Muxungue Rural Hospital. According to hospital sources, none of them were seriously injured. Renamo also dug a second trench in the road, which slows down the convoys. [...] Digging trenches across the road was a tactic used by Renamo during the war of destabilisation, and was part of the reason why no vehicles could drive from Maputo to Beira for more than a decade.

Zitat:Mozambique: Homoíne - Ghosts of the Massacre, Again!

The undeclared war that started in 2013 in central Mozambique and having spread, briefly, to the north, has evolved into the southern region of the country. Populations from the communities of Homoíne district, in Inhambane province, are in a state of panic since last week and have left their homes looking for peace in the main village of Homoín […]

Information put into circulation since last week reports that in the localities of Phembe, Fanha-Fanha, among others, in Homoíne district, there is presence of armed men allegedly from Renamo. Due to this information, residents have fearfully abandoned their homes, goods and animals. Early on Tuesday afternoon, popular reports were that there were clashes in Phembe region, between the Afonso Dhlakama guerrilla's party and government defense and security forces. However, the Ministry of Defense (MDN) neither confirms nor denies that such an event has happened, but, however, confirms the presence of the military.

Zitat:Japan loans Mozambique $672m

Maputo - Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe says his country is to lend Mozambique $672m over five years to help boost its economy. The Asian nation wants to ensure access to the East African country's rich coal and gas reserves.

The former Portuguese colony has seen a spike in foreign investment since it hit on huge gas reserves and hopes to use its mineral findings to develop industry and boost its economy, still scarred by the civil war, which ended two decades ago. [...]

"(Our assistance) is aimed at securing access to the vast mineral resources Mozambique boasts, namely gas and coal, as well as agriculture products," Abe told reporters after meeting Mozambique's President Armando Guebuza. [...] Mozambique, which has some of the world's largest untapped coal reserves, is racing to become the first East African nation to export liquefied natural gas after discovering reserves of more than 150 trillion cubic feet off its shores.

Zitat:Mozambique: Rains Cut Main North-South Road

Maputo — Maputo, 29 Jan (AIM) - Road traffic between northern and southern Mozambique has been interrupted since Sunday - not because of further attacks by gunmen of the former rebel movement Renamo, but because torrential rains have caused the Ripembe river, in the central river of Sofala, to burst its banks. […] The Save-Muxungue stretch of the main north-south highway has come under repeated Renamo attack since June last year. As a result, vehicles have only been travelling along this 100 kilometre stretch in convoys under military escort.

Zitat:Mozambique Government, Renamo Agree

Maputo — Renamo will submit the amendments to the electoral legislation to the country's parliament, the Assembly of the Republic, which has the power to change the current law to alter the CNE, the country' s state news agency AIM reported.

At the end of Monday's talks, the heads of the two delegations, Transport Minister Gabriel Muthisse, and senior Renamo parliamentarian, Saimone Macuiana, announced the CNE's expansion to 17 members, with representatives from all three parliamentary parties, the ruling Frelimo Party, Renamo and the Mozambique Democratic Movement (MDM), and from civil society organisations, without giving further details of how the 17 seats would be divided between the three parties and the civil society representatives. [...] Muthisse said the two sides have also agreed on the participation of five Mozambican observers in future dialogue sessions, but he declined to name them.

Zitat:Mozambique: Mozambican Government, Opposition Party Talks Remain Deadlocked

Renamo Insists On Parity in Mozambican Defence and Security Forces

The 56th round of talks between the Mozambican government and the Mozambique National Resistance (Renamo) on 28 April produced nothing new and was again marked by deadlock. […] According to the Renamo delegation chief, Saimone Macuiana, the credible institution would be the FDS but only after the incorporation of Renamo's men at all levels. […]

Meanwhile, the government delegation led by Agriculture Minister Jose Pacheco said that the FDS composition proposed by Renamo is unsustainable in terms of the dynamic that the Renamo men might bring. "Renamo has gone as far as saying that it wants all its reservist soldiers who are receiving pensions to be reintegrated in the FDS."

Zitat:Mozambique: Six Soldiers Dead, More Wounded in Armed Confrontation

At least six members of the security and Defense and Security Forces of Mozambique (FDS) died and more suffered serious injuries as a result of an armed confrontation between government forces and alleged Renamo guerrillas, on Tuesday morning (June 17) in the village of Murothoni, in the District of Mocuba in Zambezia province. [...] According to reports from village residents, FDS troops were preparing to attack an old Renamo military base when they were surprised by guerillas supposedly from this opposition party, led by Afonso Dhlakama. Murothoni is about 50 kilometers from the village of Mocuba. Following the clashes, a police car carrying several FDS agents was set on fire by the armed guerillas. [...]

In May, at least one soldier died and another was wounded from gunfire in these clashes.